《经济学人》双语:肠道微生物群紊乱会导致孤独自闭症吗?(英语考试常考)
原文标题:
AutismWhentheoriesgobellyupAnunbalancedgutmicrobiomeseemsnottobeacauseofautism,afterall自闭症当理论破产时毕竟,不平衡的肠道微生物群似乎不是自闭症的原因Cananupsetgutmicrobiomecauseautism?Thelatestevidencesuggestsnot肠道微生物群紊乱会导致自闭症吗?最新证据表明并非如此Paragraph1:THEGUTmicrobiome’seffectonhealthissobigthatitissometimesreferredtoasaforgottenorgan.肠道微生物菌群(见文末补充资料)对健康的影响如此之大,以至于它有时被称为被遗忘的器官。Thetrillionsofcrittersintheloweralimentarycanalhaveaninfluencethatseemstoreachalloverthebody—helpingregulateweight,forexample.例如,下消化道中的数以万亿计的微生物似乎对全身都有影响,有助于调节体重。Inrecentyears,though,oneideainparticularhasintriguedresearchers.Thisisthatcertainmixturesofgutmicrobesmayhelpcauseautism.然而,近年来,一个特别的想法引起了研究人员的兴趣,这个想法是肠道微生物的某些混合物可能会导致自闭症。Paragraph2:Itiswellknownthatchildrenwithautismsuffergastroentericproblems.众所周知,自闭症儿童患有肠胃疾病。Theyoftenalsoseemtohavesimplergutflorasthantheirneurotypicalpeers,andsomeobservationsreportthepresenceofunusualspecies.它们的肠道菌群似乎也比它们的神经型正常的同龄人更简单,一些观察报告了不寻常物种的存在。Thishasledtothesuggestionthattheseabnormalmicroecosystemsmightactuallybetriggeringautism.这导致了这样一种观点,即这些异常的微生态系统实际上可能触发了孤独症。Sotemptingisthisthoughtthatpreliminaryexperimentsintendedtotweakthemicrobiomesofautisticchildrenhavebeencarriedout,withapparentlypositiveresults.想法是如此有吸引力,以至于研究者进行了初步实验,实验目的是调整自闭症儿童微生物组,并取得了明显的积极结果。Paragraph3:Unfortunately,thetheorythatgutmicrobescancauseautismisbuiltonshakyfoundations.不幸的是,肠道微生物可导致孤独症的理论是建立在不可靠的基础上的。Thebestevidence
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